Diabetes, Minority Status, and the African American and Hispanic American Communities :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Diabetes, nonage Status, and the African American and Hispanic American CommunitiesIn March of 2003, a bill known as the Minority Population Diabetes Prevention and Control Act of 2003 was introduced to Congress, and then referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce. According to this bills findings, minority populations, including African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asians, have the highest incidence of diabetes and the highest complications of the complaint (1). The alarming rate at which the incidence of diabetes is affecting African American and Hispanic American communities has led the government, health care professionals, clinics, and other organizations to begin to heading the process by which information and treatment is being accessed by members of these communities.Diabetes mellitus is defined as a group of diseases characterized by high levels of blood glucose, which result from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both (2). There are dic kens types of diabetes, one that occurs when the body produces weeny or no insulin, and that typically affects children and young adults, and the other, which typically develops in adults, and occurs when the body does non use insulin effectively, types II diabetes being the most common (3). According to the CDC and the National Center for Health Statistics, the number of Americans with diabetes in the class 2000 was 17 million or 6.2 percent of the population, as compared to 15.7 million (5.9 percent) in 1998 (4). However, and on average, Hispanic Americans and African Americans are almost twice as seeming to have diabetes in comparison to white Americans. In addition, African Americans and Hispanic Americans show a higher incidence of suffering from diabetes related complications including but not limited to eye and kidney disease, amputations, heart disease, heart stroke etc (5). Various factors are said to increase the chances of developing type II diabetes. These factors fa ll under two categories-genetics and medical/lifestyle risk factors, which include impaired glucose tolerance, gestational diabetes, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, corpulency and physical activity (6). Although studies have shied away from making direct correlations between obesity/physical activity and the susceptibility of developing type II diabetes, researchers suspect, however, that a lack of exercise and obesity, as well as other unidentifiable factors, may be contributing to the high diabetes rates in African American and Hispanic American communities. The NHANES III survey indicated that 50 percent of African American men/65 percent of Mexican American men, and 67 percent of African American women/74 percent of Mexican American women participated in little or no exercise (7).